A particularly noteworthy effect is the degeneration of the inner oxide films on the anodic surface which form the actual dielectric of the electrolytic capacitors. With some specific electrolytes, a reversible chemical effect occurs due to the intercalation of ions into the oxide structure and a corresponding increase in DC cutoff currents caused by the capacitor. Due to the different electrolytes used, high-voltage electrolytes (for example glycol-based electrolytes) present a greater risk than low-voltage electrolytic capacitors. Electrolytic capacitors for smaller voltages are generally considered stable and are not significantly affected by these cutoff effects.

By applying voltage and the associated current flow, the oxide film of a long-stored capacitor can be reconditioned due to the flowing direct current and the capacitors can be reused after a short time. Only the initial cutoff current (leakage current) can reach relatively high values and permanently damage the electrolytic capacitor, which is why a limited gradient of the voltage increase or a direct limitation of the leakage current by a series resistor is recommended. Depending on the size of the chosen series resistor, the period for a reconditioning of the oxide film may take more or less time. A decreasing cutoff current indicates such a process.

In data sheets, manufacturers also describe these effects. The following example is an original quote taken off a major supplier's electrolytic capacitor data sheet for long-term storage of this component: